Table 1 Basis set compositions
Basis set | Number metabs | Metabolites used for fitting | Description/Findings |
|---|---|---|---|
Rowland et al. [48] | 16 | Ala, Asp, Cr, GABA, Glc, Glu, Gln, GSH, GPC, Lac, mI, NAA, NAAG, PCh, sI, Tau | Changes in glutamatergic and GABAergic function in relation to the progression of schizophrenia and the manifestation of cognitive and negative symptoms in individuals with schizophrenia |
LCModel manual [50] | 17 | Ala, Asp, Cr, GABA, Glc, Glu, Gln, GSH, GPC, Lac, mI, NAA, NAAG, PCh, PCr, sI, Tau | Standard toolbox for 1H-MRS analyses; provides a recommendation for a basis set |
Maddock et al. [49] | 15 | Asp, Cr, GABA, Glc, Glu, Gln, GSH, GPC, mI, NAA, NAAG, PCr, PCh, sI, and Tau | Measured glutamate and GABA simultaneously in first-episode psychosis patients and healthy individuals and achieved comparable results for glutamate for the MEGA-PRESS off-resonance to separately-acquired PRESS spectra |
Reid et al. [13] | 19 | Ala, Asc, Asp, Cr, GABA, Glc, Glu, Gln, GSH, GPC, Lac, mI, NAA, NAAG, PCr, PCh, PE, sI, Tau | Described lower glutamate levels in the ACC in first-episode schizophrenic patients |
Kozhuharova et al. [10] | 19 | Ala, Asc, Asp, Cr, GABA, Glc, Glu, Gln, Gly, GSH, GPC, Lac, mI, NAA, NAAG, PE, PCh, sI, Tau | Found lower glutamate levels in high schizotypy individuals in the medial prefrontal cortex |